變頻器對(duì)于
電機(jī)的影響還是有的，普通電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)都是按恒頻恒壓設(shè)計(jì)的。不會(huì)完全適應(yīng)變頻調(diào)速的要求，那么變頻器怎么影響三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)呢？
1、電動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)頻繁啟動(dòng)、制動(dòng)的適應(yīng)力
采用變頻器供電后，電動(dòng)機(jī)可以在很低的頻率和電壓下以無(wú)沖擊電流的方式啟動(dòng)，并可利用變頻器所供的各種制動(dòng)方式進(jìn)行快速制動(dòng)，為實(shí)現(xiàn)頻繁啟動(dòng)和制動(dòng)創(chuàng)造了條件。因此，電動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械系統(tǒng)和電磁系統(tǒng)處于循環(huán)交變力的作用下，給機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)和絕緣結(jié)構(gòu)帶來(lái)疲勞和加速老化問題。
2、低轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)的冷卻
異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的阻抗并不理想，當(dāng)電源頻率較底時(shí)，電源中高次諧波所引起的損耗較大。
普通異步電動(dòng)機(jī)再轉(zhuǎn)速降低時(shí)，冷卻風(fēng)量與轉(zhuǎn)速的三次方成比例減小，致使電動(dòng)機(jī)的低速冷卻狀況變壞，溫升急劇增加，難以實(shí)現(xiàn)恒轉(zhuǎn)矩輸出。
3、諧波電磁噪音與震動(dòng)
變頻電源中含有的各次時(shí)間諧波與電動(dòng)機(jī)電磁部分的固有空間諧波相互干涉，形成各種電磁激振力。異步電動(dòng)機(jī)采用變頻器供電時(shí)，會(huì)使由電磁、機(jī)械、通風(fēng)等因素所引起的震動(dòng)和噪聲變的更加復(fù)雜。
由于電動(dòng)機(jī)工作頻率范圍寬，轉(zhuǎn)速變化范圍大，各種電磁力波的頻率很難避開電動(dòng)機(jī)的各構(gòu)件的固有震動(dòng)頻率。當(dāng)電磁力波的頻率和電動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)體的固有振動(dòng)頻率一致或接近時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生共振現(xiàn)象，從而加大噪聲。
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